The Republic of South Africa (Dutch and Afrikaans: Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek ZAR; English: South African Republic), also known unofficially as the Transvaal Republic, was an independent Boer state in southern Africa in the 19th century. .
Established in 1852 by the Treaty of Sand River, the territory of the Transvaal was incorporated as a republic in 1856.
Annexed by the British in 1877, it was again independent from 1884 to 1900.
The ZAR was occupied a second time by British troops in 1900 during the Second Boer War before being officially dissolved in 1902 when the Treaty of Vereeniging was signed.
In 1910, the former republic became one of the four new provinces of the Dominion of the Union of South Africa.
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